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What is Neurotherapy/Neurofeedback?
Neurotherapy or neurofeedback is a non-invasive training technique that utilizes
computer technology to show a client their electrical or brain wave activity. The electrical activity is caused when brain
cells communicate with each other. Also, electrical impulses are the way the brain transmits information to the body. Some
brain waves, or frequencies, may be too high (too much of) and others may be too low (not enough of). The purpose of neurofeedback
is to train the client to produce an appropriate balance of brain waves depending upon the goals established. Out of balance
or disregulated brain waves may be associated with symptoms found in attentional problems, distractibility, anxiety, depression,
anger issues, learning problems, social problems, migraine headaches, impulsivity, insomnia, and age related cognitive decline,
among others.
In order to record or listen to these brain waves, sensors (like little microphones) are applied
to the scalp using a conductive paste, which is easily removed. These brain waves are processed through a powerful amplifier,
which digitally converts them into a video game type display. The client is then asked to play the video game i.e.: Pac Man,
racing objects or others using their brain as a joystick. At the same time, the clinician is monitoring the brain wave activity
(electroencephalogram or EEG) of discreet frequency bands on a separate screen. The client is rewarded as he/she produces
more of the desired brain waves or inhibits the undesired waves. Rewards are given in the same form as traditional video games
such as having the game progress, earning points and hearing beeps (both visual and auditory feedback). The brain responds
and through repetition and operant conditioning, becomes self-regulating.
The goal of neurotherapy/neurofeedback
is for the client to learn to control his or her own brain wave activity. A brain that is self-regulating has greater flexibility
and can more easily adapt to situations, events, and challenges in everyday life. So, while not a cure for brain based disorders
and, although no guarantees can be made, neurofeedback in very many cases can result in reduction or even elimination of symptoms
associated with them. Interestingly, neurofeedback training can help already high achieving people who wish to optimize their
performance in areas such as work, creativity, athletics, academia and the arts where mental flexibility is sought. Business
executives, professional and Olympic athletes, musicians, performing artists, as well as NASA astronauts have used neurofeedback
training in order to achieve the mental agility to be able to get "in the zone" when needed and to achieve a relaxed-focus
state of mind.
Because neurofeedback is a training and learning process, results tend to be lasting although
some people benefit from booster sessions as needed. There is no evidence that neurofeedback training is harmful. Side effects
are rare and have been reported to include headache, fatigue, or anxiousness, all which resolve quickly.
What does a Neurofeedback session feel like?
During
a session, clients usually report feeling calm and relaxed while training their brain. Clients sit in a recliner and play
a video game on a computer screen using their brain and thoughts to direct the action. When the desired brain wave state is
achieved, the game continues and points are accumulated. It's easy and fun. Remember, nothing is being put into your brain.
We are simply "listening" to your brain wave activity through sensors, much like a physician listens to your heart
with a stethoscope, and feeding the information back to the client. For this reason, it is known as "NEUROFEEDBACK".
How long does training last?
Every case is different. Usually clients can see positive results within 10 sessions but in general, for training to last,
at least 20 sessions are needed. In many cases, such as ADD/ADHD, at least 40 sessions are typical. With other conditions,
more sessions may be needed. Each session runs about 50 minutes with 30 minutes of actual brain training and the rest
consisting of discussion of current symptoms and results of last session. Sessions are usually scheduled for 2 times per week.
If possible, 3 times per week during the first 2 weeks.
Hemoencephalography
Another form of Neurotherapy is called hemoencephalography. It is concerned
with increasing the blood flow to specific areas of the brain. This modality, like neurofeedback, provides the client with
information or feedback regarding his or her brain physiology. The client is rewarded for increasing blood flow to the frontal
area of the brain. Increased blood flow results in an increase in oxygen and glucose for higher levels of nutrients to the
brain. This has been shown to be of great help to migraine sufferers, as well as, people who suffer symptoms of depression,
"foggy brain", behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and attention issues.
Getting started
A 50-minute initial consultation will be scheduled
in order for us to discuss your issues and concerns, as well as any questions you may have. We can determine during this time
if neurotherapy is appropriate for you or your child.
What next?
If it is determined that neurotherapy is an appropriate course, a comprehensive evaluation
will be scheduled. This evaluation will consist of obtaining a medical, psychological, social and family history so I can
understand the issues that you bring to therapy. In addition, testing will be conducted using the "Integrated Visual
and Auditory Continuous Performance Test" (IVA) for ADD/ADHD, impulsivity, learning styles, comprehension, mental fatigue,
and sensory-motor information. It is also used as a baseline for retesting after 20 sessions. Other assessments are administered
as needed for depression and/or anxiety issues. A symptom checklist is also completed in order to more fully understand the
client's issues and to use as a baseline for pre-post training progress. The comprehensive evaluation, including testing,
takes about 2 ½ hours.
Counseling services
Counseling is a large part of my practice and can be done together with neurofeedback or
not. Some people who come for neurofeedback have their own therapists and that is fine. For those who wish to integrate
counseling and neurofeedback, we can work out a flexible schedule, such as having a neurofeedback session followed by a 30-45
minute counseling session. Other people may wish to engage in counseling/psychotherapy without neurofeedback. I work collaboratively
with clients in order to help them achieve their goals. I work with individuals, couples, families, and groups on issues such
as relationships, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, self-acceptance, anger, grief, loneliness, career and academic concerns.
You can expect to find a warm, welcoming, sincere, caring, and accepting therapist and a safe environment in my office. Setting
goals and beginning a journey in order to reach them can seem daunting. Sometimes we are afraid of self-discovery, of making
changes in our lives. Addressing or discussing painful topics can be difficult. However, making the decision to begin to address
the issues that are keeping you from a leading the kind of life you want may be the most difficult of all. While therapy is
a serious undertaking, it does not have to be all doom and gloom. There can be many moments of joy, of revelation, understanding,
and insight on your way to a more fulfilling life. The life that YOU choose to live. Your concerns are real and I will be
a respectful and compassionate facilitator on your journey.
Fees Initial Consultation 50 minutes= $100
Comprehensive Evaluation including Assessment 2½ hours=
$300
Individual Neurotherapy Sessions 45-50 minutes= $100
(packages available for blocks of prepaid sessions)
Individual Counseling/Psychotherapy Sessions 50 minutes= $100
We are a fee-for-service practice and currently do not participate with insurance
companies. Payment is accepted at the time of service. If your insurance company reimburses for Biofeedback or Counseling/Psychotherapy,
we will provide documentation for you to submit claims.
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